Explosive treatment of metals
Explosive welding of metals makes it possible to create firm bonds both between identical metals and between metals with very different physical and chemical properties. It is possible to create spot or seam joints and, in particular, full-area bonds with a homogeneous full-area weld between metal plates (metal sheets).
Explosive strengthening of metals is accomplished by means of a shock wave produced by the detonation of a thin layer of a high explosive. It is one of the few methods of utilising the construction effects of an explosive and obtaining materials with better properties, especially with higher strength and hardness.
Other applications that make use of explosion energy include, for example, explosive working of metals, explosive relief of residual stresses in welded structures, explosive cutting of materials, explosive compaction (pressing) of powder metallic and non-metallic materials, synthesis of substances in high-pressure and high-temperature environments, phase transformation of inorganic crystalline materials through the action of shock waves, processing of organic and biological materials through the action of shock waves and high pressures, use of shock waves for the separation of materials, explosive surface treatments of materials as well as the transfer of explosion energy to electrical energy.
The use of the energy of explosives has more than 150 years of tradition in industrial production, with explosive processing of metallic and non-metallic materials being one of the areas where the energy of explosives is used. Unlike mining or destructive work, this technology uses the detonation of explosives for construction purposes. The dynamic pressures generated by the detonation of explosives can be used to form, press, weld, strengthen, stamp, shear or cut metallic materials in terms of their volume.
A relatively small circle of scientific research workers and commercial companies are also engaged in the explosive processing of metals, but the results of their work find broad application in a variety of industrial fields.
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